Cushion attachment for presses



Jan. 14, 1930. J, RODEV 1,743,483

CUSHION ATTACHMENT FOR PRESSES File Nov. 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Jan. 14, 1930. F. J. RODE CUSHION ATTACHMENT FOR PRESSES Filed Noir. 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet Patented Jan. 14, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE FRIEDRICH J. RODE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO MABQUETTE TOOL & MANU- FACTURING CO., OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS CUSHION ATTACHMENT FOR PRESSES Application filed November 5, 1925. Serial No. 66,909.

This invention relates to improvements in cushion attachments, particularly adapted, though not necessarily limited in its use in connection with metal forging presses and thickness of two plates or members which are to be fastened together are thinner or less than the thickness to which the ress has been set, the head of the rivet to be ormed in the press will not result in tightening the two plates together as firmly as if the thickness of the plates is exactly that to which the press has been set.

It is well known that ordinary commercial sheet metal materials vary in thickness, and very often to such an extent that the fastening or connecting rivets have to be worked over by hand operated processes after the preliminary work has been done in the power press. To overcome these difliculties and objections is one of the objects of the present invention.

On such work as for instance automobile frames, where sometimes two pieces of material are to be riveted at one end of the frame and three thicknesses of metal are to be riveted together at another point throughout the length of the frame, or where sometimes cast steel or iron parts are to be riveted to the sheet metal, these operations have to be divided and each performed in different machines set for the particular pur ose, which Particularly in cold riveting operations it is important that the head of the rivet be upset with a predetermined amount of pressure according to the size of the rivet to be used. If the rivet is hit too hard, as would be the case if the materials to be riveted together are greater in thickness than-that to which the press has been adjusted or set, then the rivet will often crack or break 011, causing imperfect work.

If the combined thickness of the materials to be riveted together should be less than the thickness to which the press has been adjusted or set, then the rivet would not be sufiiciently or firmly upset, with the result that the two pieces of material instead of being firmly held together by the rivet would be loose. To prevent the above conditions and objections is another object of the present invention.

In order to prevent the bending of the crank shafts, or the breaking of the dies, or the breaking of any parts of the press, by reason of the extra stress which may be caused by the variations of the thiclmesses of-the materials to be riveted, such presses are usually built and made in sizes much larger than is necessary for the particular operation to be performed.

To prevent such breaks of the machine, with the resultant loss of time and money, and also to render it possible to accurately build machines of the size necessary for the work and no larger, thereby economizing in space and saving of'expense, is another object of the present invention. I

In forging operations where it is necessary to forge pieces to eliminate machine work on the piece as is done in modern practice, it is necessary to squeeze the material with a predetermined pressure. If, as is often the case, the forged material to besqueezed varies in thickness it is necessary to select pieces of different thicknesses and set ,or adjust the presses to compensate the difierent thicknesses of work.

To providea press which will accomplish this result without the necessity of resetting or adjusting the machine and which will accommodate variations in the thicknesses of the work to be done, is another object of the present invention.

To the attainment of these ends and the accomplishment of other new and useful objects as will appear, the invention consists in the features of novelty in substantially the construction, combination and arrangement of the several parts hereinafter more fully described and claimed and shown in the accompanying drawings illustrating this invention, and in which Figure 1 is a view partly in side elevation, partly in section and partly broken away of a riveting machine of the horizontal type, constructed in accordance with the principles of this invention.

Figure 2 is a right hand end elevation of Figure 1, with parts omitted.

Figure 3 is a left hand end elevation of Figure 4, with parts omitted.

Figure 4 is a side elevation of a riveting machine of the vertical type, constructed in accordance with the principles of this invention.

Referring more particularly to the drawings and to the form of the invention shown in Figures 1 and 2, the numeral 10 designates generally the bed of the machine having mounted thereon a reciprocating member 11 movable in suitable guides 12 and connected with the member 11 IS a riveting die 13.

The member 11 is reciprocated in any desired or suitable manner preferably from a crank shaft 14 journaled in suitable bearings in the machine, and a link 15 is pivotally connected as at 16 with the crank shaft and at 17 with the reciprocating member 11. The shaft 14 may be rotated in any desired or suitable manner preferably through the medium of a pulley 18 which is rotated from any suitable source (not shown) and, the

. shaft 14 may have connected thereto the usual balance or fly wheel (not shown).

The operation of the member 11 is controlled by means of a suitable clutch device (not shown) and the clutch device may in turn be controlled by a foot lever 19 which is connected with the clutch device through the medium of the rod connection 20.

Mounted upon the bed of the machine preferahly' through the medium of fastening bolts 21 is a support 22, and to which support 22" a member or lever 23 is pivotally connected as at 24. The lever 23 has connected with it a riveting die 25 which is opposed to the riveting die 13. The die 13 is adapted to be adjusted in the machine so that the machine may be set to accommodate rivets of different lengths and also to accommodate work of differentthicknesses.

A resistance pressure cushion is provided for creating a resistance pressure upon the die 25 and is accomplished by reason of the fact that the purchasing'arm of the lever bears against the cushion. The resistance pressure cushion is preferably of the fluid type and embodies a cylinder 26 which is supported upon a suitable bracket 27 connected with the bed of the machine.

This cylinder may be of any desired internal diameter and size and reciprocable therein is a piston 28 towhich a piston rod 29 is connected. The piston rod passes through the end of the cylinder preferably through a packing box 30, and the extremity 31of the piston rod is adapted to engage the member 23 to hold the member against movement about the pivot 24 when fluid is admitted into the cylinder on one side of the piston 28.

The member 23 is preferably provided with a face 32 shaped to contact with the end of the piston rod 29.

Fluid is supplied to the cylinder 26 from any suitable source (not shown) and is de livered into the cylinder through a suitable supply pipe 33, and arranged within the supply pipe 33 is a pressure controlling and regulating valve 34, of any ordinary and well known construction,'by means of which the fluid pressure in the cushion 26 may be controlled at will.

The cylinder 26.may be provided with a vent opening 35-on the side of the piston 28 opposite to the side on which the fluid pressure is supplied, so as not to retard the operation of the piston.

In operation the machine is adjusted or set according to the work to be performed by positioning the die 13 so that the required space 'will be produced between the die 25 and the die 13, when the latter reaches the limits of its stroke with respect to the die 25. The pressure controlling and regulating valve 34 is then set so that the predetermined fluid ressure will be obtained in the cylinder 26 eneath the piston 28. n

The pressure in the cylinder 26 should he such that under normal conditions the member 23 will be held by such pressure, a gainst movement about its pivot 24 and so that the die 25 will be maintained in a fixed, but yieldable position.

As the work proceeds, the die 25 will be held by the resistance pressure against movement while the operation is being performed upon rivets or material-of a length or thickness for which the machine has been set. Should there be any variation in the thickness or length of the material being operated upon, the pressure created by the die 13 as the latter reaches the limit of its operating stroke, the die 25 will yield against the resistance pressure in the cylinder 26. This yielding movement of the die 25 will be such that breakage of the parts will be prevented, yet the die 25 will be held in an operative position in such a manner that suflicicnt pressure will be created by the die 25 on one side of the work to upset one end of the rivet.

By adjusting the pressure controlling and regulating valve the resistance pressure in the cylinder 26 may be varied. I

In the form of the invention shown in Figures 3 and 4, the press 36 is of a vertical type having a reciprocating member 31"car'rying; the die .38, the member 37 being reciprocated' from the crank 391m the Shaft 40 through the medium of a connecting link 41. The support 42 is connected .by mean-s of fastening devices 43 to the bed of themachine andthe member 44 is pivotally connected as at 45 with the support; 42, themernber -44"having connected therewith a riveting or upsetting die 46 arranged in alinement with the die 38.

A fluid pressure cushion 47 is connected with the frame of the machine by means of" fastening rods or bolts 48. Movable inthe cylinder 47 is a piston (not shown) to which a piston rod 49 is connected and theextremity of the ,piston rod 49 engages a face 50 on the member 44.

Fluid pressure is supplied to the cylinder 47 from any suitable source (not shown) through the pipe 51 and arranged-within the supply pipe 51 is a pressure controlling and regulating valve 52, of any ordinary and well known construction, by means of which the fluid pressure in the cylinder 37 may be controlled or varied at will.

The operation of this form of the invention is the same as that described in connection with the form of theinvention shown in Figures 1 and 2.

While the preferred formsof the invention have been herein shown and described, it is to be understood that various changes may be made in the details of construction and in the combination and arrangement of the several parts, within the scope of the claims, without departing from the spirit of this invention.

What is claimed as new is 1. In a press for working metal, a die, fluid pressure cushioning means for exerting a predetermined resistance pressure against the said die, and a lever upon which said die is mounted for pivotal movement therewith, said lever having a purchasing arm and said cushion embodying a cylinder and piston movable relatively'one with relation to the other, the said cylinder and piston being connected one with a stationary member and the other operating upon the said lever.

2. Ina press for working metal, a die, fluid pressure cushioning means for exerting a predetermined resistance pressure against the said die, a lever upon which said die is mounted, said lever having a purchasing arm and said cushion embodying a cylinder and piston movable relatively one withrelatio'n to the other, the said cylinder and piston being connected one with a stationary member and the other operating upon the said lever, and means for supplying fluid to the cylinder.

. 3. A metal forging press embodying a pivotally, mounted forging member, and means for exerting a resistance pressure'up'on the said pivotally mounted member and its movement about its pivot. I

4. A metal forgingpress embodying a pivotally mounted forging member, meansfor exertin a resistance pressure upon the said pivbtaly mounted member and against its movement about its pivot, and means for against sure means for'exerting a resistance pressure upon the said pivotally mounted member and against its movement about its pivot, and means whereby said pressure may be varied at will. 1

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, on this 30th day of October, A. D. 1925.

- FREDRIOI-I J. RODE. 

